Do you have any of the following symptoms?  Your symptoms can be due to inflammatory bowel disease also.  Q: What is Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)? It is a condition where the intestines are chronically inflamed resulting in damage. There are two main types namely Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis causes inflammation and ulcers in the large intestine and rectum. Crohn’s disease can cause inflammation in any part of the gastrointestinal tract. It most commonly occurs in both the small intestine and colon.  Q: What are the symptoms of IBD? A: Symptoms may range from mild to severe as said above.   Q: What causes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis? A: Despite intensive research, no exact cause is known.  Studies show that many things work together to cause IBD. They are inherited traits called “genes” and something in the environment called “antigens” that trigger the body’s defenses to “turn on” inflammation. Once an IBD patient’s immune system is “turned on,” it does not know how to properly “turn off” at the right time. As a result, inflammation damages the intestine and causes the symptoms. One example of environmental triggers is smoking.   Q: How to diagnose IBD?  To help confirm a diagnosis of IBD, one or more of the following tests may be performed. 1. Blood tests: (To find the presence of inflammation in the body)  Measurement of red and white blood cells, Erythrocyte sedimentation rates, platelets, and C-reactive protein (CRP).  2.  Stool tests: (To look for signs of inflammation in the GI tract as well as infections.  Stool routine examination, fecal Calprotectin 3.  Endoscopic procedures: Utilizing a flexible tubular camera to look inside the digestive tract by entering through the mouth or anus. If necessary biopsy can be done in the same setting.  We can use different types of endoscopes like- OGD scopy, Colonoscopy or Double Balloon Enteroscopy 4. External imaging procedures: Utilizing technologies to generate images of the digestive organs from outside the body like computerized tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Q. What are the treatment options available for IBD? There are many treatment options starting from medicines that suppress the inflammation to surgery. It is a complex decision that has to be taken after considering every detail of that patient. But in general, if treated early and properly most of the symptoms can be treated with medicines. It is often the delay in diagnosis or poor treatment that leads to surgery.  Q: Can a change in diet cure IBD?  A: Unfortunately, there is no pre-formulated diet plan that prevents the development or cures every IBD patient. Dietary guidelines must be developed based on your very specific needs. These will take into account the type of disease, the severity and location of your disease, and complications, if any. The goal is to keep a well-balanced, healthy diet that is rich in nutrients. Q. Is Inflammatory Bowel disease a variety of cancers?  A: No. However, since the intestines are chronically inflamed, they can lead to cancer which can be very well prevented by proper follow-up.  Q: Are Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and IBD the same?  Irritable bowel syndrome is a condition that affects the function and behavior of the intestines. Normally, the muscles lining the intestines intermittently contract and relax to move food along the digestive tract. In IBS, this pattern is disturbed, resulting in uncomfortable symptoms. Symptoms can include cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, mucus in the stool, diarrhea, and/or constipation Unlike IBD, IBS does not cause inflammation, permanent damage to the GI tract, or an increased risk of colorectal cancer. However, a diagnosis of IBS can often be made after ruling out other serious causes of these symptoms.  HENCE THE KEY TO GOOD HEALTH IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE  IS  EARLY DETECTION AND PROPER  MANAGEMENT About the Author Dr. Sweetha S M.D., D.M., is consultant Gastroenterologist of GEM Hosptial Chennai, with a special interest in field of IBD. Click here to read profile of Dr. Sweetha S  Click here to read more about our comprehensive IBD Clinic Click Here to register for IBD Day Camp May 2024

      We have seen many of our patients asking us what is fatty liver after seeing their ultrasound report. This short write up in simple English will make you understand about  facts on fatty liver disease. What is fatty liver? In simple terms-It is a condition where the liver swells up due to fat accumulation inside it. Why does it happen? It can happen when the body produces more storage fats either because you eat more fat and calories than what your body needs or due to some drugs or alcohol. Does fatty liver happen in non-alcoholic? Fatty liver can happen in both alcoholics and non alcoholics. When it happen in non alcoholics it is commonly called as Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ( NAFLD). But recently since 2020, the term NAFLD have been revised as Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), as studies have shown that there are many other reasons like overweight, obesity, cholesterol, diabetes etc which can cause fatty liver. What are the complications of having a fatty liver disease? What can I do to prevent / treat my fatty liver? What are the non vegetarian food items that can be considered to be used in limited quantity in fatty liver disease? ( Avoid fried items) Is there treatment for fatty Liver disease? How can I evaluate myself? Meet your Gastroenterologist if you have any of the below mentioned risk factor for development of Fatty Liver disease. How do I know if there is a chance that I will develop fatty liver disease? You are at high risk to have Fatty Liver Disease :- If you have any one of the below Or At least 2 among the 7 Click here to Register for our Liver Day Camp organised at GEM Hospital Chennai, TN, 22nd to 30th April 2024 About the author Dr. Sanoop Kumar Sherin Sabu M.D.,Department of Medical Gastroenterology and HepatologyGEM Hospital Chennai

      Piles, also known as hemorrhoids, are swollen veins located in the rectum or anus. This condition is quite common, affecting millions of people worldwide. While piles can be uncomfortable and painful, the good news is that they are usually not serious and can be effectively treated with lifestyle changes, medications, and in severe cases, surgery. CAUSES OF PILES The causes of piles can vary, but the most common factor is pressure on the veins in the rectal area. This pressure can be caused by a variety of factors such as straining during bowel movements, chronic diarrhea or constipation, pregnancy, obesity, and sitting for long periods of time. UNDERLYING SYMPTOMS The symptoms of piles can range from mild to severe. The most common symptom is bleeding during bowel movements, which can be seen as bright red blood on the toilet paper or in the toilet bowl. Other symptoms may include itching, swelling, pain, and discomfort in the anal area. Piles can also cause a feeling of fullness or pressure in the rectum, making it difficult to sit or stand for long periods of time. CRITICAL COMPLICATIONS Complications of piles can occur if left untreated. Prolapsed hemorrhoids occur when the veins protrude outside the anus and cannot be pushed back inside. This can lead to pain, itching, and bleeding. Thrombosed hemorrhoids occur when a blood clot forms inside hemorrhoid, causing severe pain and swelling. SEEKING TREATMENT Treatment for piles can vary depending on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, lifestyle changes such as increasing fiber intake, drinking plenty of water, and avoiding prolonged sitting can alleviate symptoms. Over-the-counter creams and ointments can also help to reduce itching and swelling. In more severe cases, prescription medications may be necessary to reduce inflammation and pain. Procedures such as rubber band ligation, in which a rubber band is placed around hemorrhoid to cut off the blood supply, or sclerotherapy, in which a chemical solution is injected into the hemorrhoid to shrink it, can also be effective. Surgery may be necessary in rare cases of severe hemorrhoids that do not respond to other treatments. The most common surgery is a hemorrhoidectomy, which involves removing the hemorrhoid tissue. PREVENTIVE MEASURES TO REMEMBER Preventive measures for piles include maintaining a healthy diet and exercise routine to prevent constipation and reduce pressure on the veins in the rectal area. It is also important to avoid sitting for prolonged periods of time and to take breaks to move around and stretch. While piles can be an uncomfortable and embarrassing condition, it is important to seek the right treatment in order to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. It is important to remember that piles are common and there is no need to feel ashamed or embarrassed. By maintaining a healthy lifestyle and seeking medical treatment when necessary, individuals can effectively manage and prevent piles. Awareness and education are key to overcoming the stigma associated with this condition, and encouraging individuals to seek the help they need to manage and treat their symptoms. For more in-depth details and discussion, contact our experts at Gem hospitals and clarify your queries.

      Peptic ulcer disease is a common condition that occurs when a sore or erosion forms in the lining of the stomach or the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. It is a type of gastrointestinal disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Peptic ulcers can cause various symptoms, including pain, discomfort, and bleeding. In this article, we will discuss what peptic ulcer disease is, what causes it, common symptoms, and the right treatment choices. CAUSES OF PEPTIC ULCERS Peptic ulcer disease is caused by a variety of factors, including the presence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria, prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, stress, and genetic factors. H. pylori bacteria are the most common cause of peptic ulcer disease. They are present in the stomach and can cause inflammation, leading to ulceration. NSAIDs, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, can also cause peptic ulcers by damaging the stomach lining and reducing the production of prostaglandins, which help protect the stomach lining. SYMPTOMS TO LOOK UPON The most common symptoms of peptic ulcer disease include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss. The pain may be felt as a burning sensation in the upper abdomen and can occur at any time, but is usually worse when the stomach is empty, such as between meals or during the night. In severe cases, peptic ulcers can cause internal bleeding, which can lead to anemia, weakness, and fatigue. THE RIGHT TREATMENT The right treatment choices for peptic ulcer disease depend on the cause of the ulcer. If the ulcer is caused by H. pylori bacteria, antibiotics are usually prescribed to kill the bacteria. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2 receptor blockers are also commonly used to reduce stomach acid production and promote the healing of the ulcer. If the ulcer is caused by NSAIDs, stopping or reducing the use of these drugs is necessary. Acid-suppressing medications and antacids can help relieve symptoms. AT-HOME MEDICATION Apart from the medication prescribed by doctors, there are several treatment options that can be done at home. These include avoiding foods and drinks that can irritate the stomach, such as caffeine, spicy and fatty foods, and alcohol. Eating smaller, more frequent meals can also help reduce symptoms. Stress reduction techniques, such as deep breathing and yoga, can also help manage symptoms of peptic ulcer disease. SEEKING SUPPORT It is essential to seek medical support if the problem persists, as untreated peptic ulcers can lead to serious complications, such as bleeding, perforation, and obstruction of the stomach or intestine. If you experience severe abdominal pain, vomiting blood, or passing black or bloody stools, seek medical attention immediately. What may seem like a simple problem, may escalate into something bigger. Peptic ulcer disease is a common gastrointestinal disorder that can cause various symptoms, including abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss. The right treatment choices depend on the cause of the ulcer, but medication, avoiding certain foods and drinks, and stress reduction techniques can help manage symptoms. If the problem persists, seek medical support to avoid serious complications. Get in touch with our experts to know more about the problem and seek the best support and treatment with our exceptional expertise.

      Hernia is a medical condition in which an organ or tissue protrudes through a weak spot or tear in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue. This condition can occur in different parts of the body, including the abdomen, groin, diaphragm, and upper thigh. While hernias are generally not life-threatening, they can cause discomfort and lead to serious complications if left untreated. Causes of Hernia: There are several factors that can increase the risk of developing a hernia, including: If left untreated, hernias can lead to several complications, such as: There are several precautions you can take to reduce your risk of developing a hernia, which include: The treatment for a hernia depends on the severity of the condition and the location of the hernia. In most cases, surgery is required to repair the hernia and prevent complications. There are two main types of hernia surgery: open surgery and laparoscopic surgery. Open surgery involves making a large incision in the affected area to access and repair the hernia. This method is effective but can lead to a longer recovery time and a higher risk of complications. Laparoscopic surgery, on the other hand, involves making several small incisions in the affected area and using a small camera and specialized surgical tools to repair the hernia. This method is minimally invasive and has a shorter recovery time and a lower risk of complications. Laparoscopic treatment for hernia has several advantages over open surgery, including: Prevention is always better than cure. Though hernia is a common medical it can lead to serious complications if left untreated. While there are several factors that can increase the risk of developing a hernia, there are also several precautions you can take to reduce your risk. If you do develop a hernia, surgery is usually required to repair the hernia and prevent complications. Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive and highly effective method for treating hernia, with a shorter recovery time and a lower risk of complications. If you suspect you may have a hernia, it is important to seek medical attention promptly to prevent further complications. For more information and awareness, get connected with our doctors at Gem Hospitals.

      Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus. It is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted infection. Cervical cancer can be life-threatening if not detected early, and it can have a significant impact on a woman’s quality of life. Therefore, it is essential to understand the risks of cervical cancer and the importance of the HPV vaccine in preventing it. One of the most significant risk factors for cervical cancer is HPV infection. HPV is a common virus that is spread through sexual contact. There are more than 100 types of HPV, and some of them can cause cancer. In fact, HPV is responsible for more than 90% of all cervical cancers. Other risk factors for cervical cancer include smoking, having a weakened immune system, and taking birth control pills for an extended period. The HPV vaccine is a vaccine that can help prevent HPV infection and, therefore, cervical cancer. The vaccine works by stimulating the body’s immune system to produce antibodies against the virus. This vaccine is an essential tool in the fight against cervical cancer because it can help prevent the infection that causes the disease. The HPV vaccine is typically recommended for girls and boys between the ages of 9 and 14 years old, but it can be given to anyone up to the age of 26. The vaccine is most effective when given before a person becomes sexually active because it can help prevent infection with the types of HPV that are most likely to cause cancer. The HPV vaccine is essential for women because cervical cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women. In fact, it is estimated that over 500,000 new cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed each year worldwide, and more than 250,000 women die from the disease. The HPV vaccine can help prevent cervical cancer and reduce the number of deaths caused by the disease. It is essential to raise awareness about the HPV vaccine and its importance in preventing cervical cancer. Many people are unaware of the vaccine and the risks of cervical cancer. It is important to educate people about the vaccine and encourage them to get vaccinated. In conclusion, cervical cancer is a life-threatening disease that can be prevented with the HPV vaccine. The vaccine is most effective when given before a person becomes sexually active, but it can be given to anyone up to the age of 26.  A vaccine is an essential tool in the fight against cervical cancer, and it is crucial to raise awareness about the vaccine and its importance in preventing the disease. If you or someone you know is at risk for cervical cancer, talk to your doctor about getting the HPV vaccine. Get in touch with our experts at Gem Hospitals to be updated with the right information and awareness.